Dyeing and washing tray



Feb. 27, 1934. TSCHAMMER 1,949,287

DYEING AND WASHING TRAY Filed Oct. 1, 1931 Patented Feb. 27, 1934 'iUNITE SATES ATEN'll OFFICE Application October 1,

1931, Serial No. 566,250

In Germany October 2, 1930 1 Claim.

The invention relates to dyeing and washing trays in which the dyeing fluids are heated by steam to boiling temperatures. Said fluids were heated by steam in the trays known in the prior art by means of heating coils arranged within the tray; after the heating was finished the coils were usually removed or in certain modifications they were left within the tray after the steam had been cut off.

So far attempts to construct such trays exclusively of dense ceramic materials, which are exceptionally apt for such purposes for instance stoneware, have not been completely successful because the tank vat or tray is heated very irregularly, if the heating is carried out by means of heating coils. The lower zones are rapidly heated to the boiling temperature whilst the upper brims remain cold for a longer period on account of the relatively low heat conductivity of the employed ceramic materials. These diiierences in temperatures led to tensions within the walls and caused a cracking thereof.

This invention relates to a tray, vessel, vat or tank, manufactured of ceramic material, especially stoneware; an object of the invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawback and to provide a tray which will be uniformly heated. The new tray is not heated by steam coils. The walls are partly hollow and have inlets and outlets fcr steam, i. e. they are built in such a way that the steam passes through the hollow space inside of the walls and enters into the interior of the tray through the openings at the bottom.

The heating effect upon the dye fluid is the same as in the old process or is even still more uniform. Moreover the old steam coil used to absorb a certain part of the interior of the tray. The main advantage of the invention however is the fact that a uniform heating of the walls and of the whole tray is achieved by means of a steam current entering at the top and leaving at the lowest points of the interior. The risk of tensions inside the ceramic body is hereby completely avoided.

The new tray is operated similarly to the constructions known in the prior art and provided with steam coils. By condensation a vacuum appears in the hollow walls when the steam is out ofi, and parts of the dye-fluid flow back. This of course is of no importance, as the tray has to be washed anyhow as often as the fluid is renewed. The vacuum can be avoided to a considerable extent by a cock in the steam conduit which connects the hollow walls with the outside air after the steam has been cut ofi.

As an example, a construction of the invention is given in the attached drawing. The invention is not limited to dyeing devices, but may be applied whenever fluids are to be heated by direct steam.

The drawing shows the new tray in a sectional view, e being the steam inlet, is one of the conduits in an optional number, which are placed in the hollow walls, Z represent the outlets into the interior at the bottom of the tray. To guarantee a uniform heating, a conduit k is provided at the upper brim of the tray, and passes around said tray. Naturally the whole wall can be built as a hollow space, without special conduits; the double walls would then have to be supported at certain points.

This invention enables the dyeing industry to use trays of ceramic materials to a considerably larger extent than hitherto, and in a perfectly safe manner; a great economic and technical progress is hereby represented.

What I claim is:

A dyeing and washing tray, comprising a bottom and a side wall consisting of a ceramic material, said wall having a substantially horizontal annular conduit formed at the upper brim of the tray, means communicating with said conduit for introducing a heating fluid into said conduit, a plurality of substantially vertical conduits formed within said wall and communicating with the first-mentioned conduit, another substantially horizontal annular conduit formed within said wall at the bottom of the tray and communicating with said vertical conduits, said heating fluid passing through said vertical conduits and into the second-mentioned horizontal conduit after having filled the first-mentioned conduit, whereby a uniform heating of said wall is assured, and a plurality of horizontally spaced openings formed in said wall and leading to the bottom of the tray, said horizontally spaced openings being adapted to introduce the heating fluid filling the second-mentioned horizontal conduit into the interior of said tray at the bottom thereof.

PAUL TSCHAMMER. 

